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Metabolic pathways and physiological and pathological significances of lysolipid phosphate mediators
Author(s) -
Tokumura Akira
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of cellular biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1097-4644
pISSN - 0730-2312
DOI - 10.1002/jcb.20147
Subject(s) - lysophosphatidic acid , biochemistry , lysophospholipase , sphingolipid , extracellular , sphingosine 1 phosphate , lipid signaling , sphingosine , phosphatidic acid , metabolic pathway , phosphate , phospholipase d , enzyme , intracellular , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , biology , phospholipase , phospholipid , receptor , membrane
Lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine 1‐phosphate are structurally simple and physiologically very important lysophospholipids. Because they possess distinct structural backbones (glycerol and sphingosine, respectively), there are different metabolic pathways for their intracellular production. Recently, several key enzymes that produce or degrade these lysolipid phosphate mediators extracellularly have been characterized. This review focuses on the physiological and pathophysiological significances of the extracellular metabolic pathways involving recently characterized exo‐type lysophospholipase D, ecto‐type phospholipase A, and ecto‐type lipid phosphate phosphatase. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.