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Effects of LDL‐immunoapheresis on plasma concentrations of vitamin E and carotenoids in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia
Author(s) -
Cauza Edmund,
Jansen Martin,
Resch Ulrike,
Dunky Attila,
Derfler Kurt,
WinklhoferRoob Brigitte M.,
Kostner Karam
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of clinical apheresis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.697
H-Index - 46
eISSN - 1098-1101
pISSN - 0733-2459
DOI - 10.1002/jca.20026
Subject(s) - ldl apheresis , zeaxanthin , lutein , carotenoid , familial hypercholesterolemia , lycopene , medicine , beta carotene , vitamin e , cholesterol , endocrinology , vitamin , low density lipoprotein , antioxidant , chemistry , biochemistry
Recently very potent extracorporeal cholesterol‐lowering treatment options have become available for patients with hypercholesterolemia. LDL immunoapheresis treatment selectively removes LDL and lipoprotein(a) from the circulation. Since LDL is the major carrier of lipophilic antioxidants in plasma, the purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of a single LDL apheresis treatment on plasma concentrations of tocopherols (α‐ and γ‐tocopherol) and carotenoids (α‐ and β‐carotene, zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin, canthaxanthin, lycopene, and retinol). Plasma antioxidant concentrations were determined by HPLC in 7 patients with familial hypercholesterolemia before and after LDL immunoapheresis treatment. Plasma concentrations of both α‐ and γ‐tocopherol and the different carotenoids were significantly reduced by LDL apheresis. However, when standardized for cholesterol to adjust for cholesterol removal, α‐ and γ‐tocopherol, retinol, and the more polar carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin increased in response to apheresis treatment, while the more unpolar carotenoids such as β‐carotene and lycopene did not change. These data demonstrate that a single LDL immunoapheresis treatment affects tocopherols and individual carotenoids differently. This may be explained by differences in chemical structure and preferential association with different lipoproteins. These results further imply that tocopherols, lutein, zeaxanthin, and retinol, are associated in part with lipoproteins and other carriers such as retinol‐binding protein that are not removed during apheresis treatment. J. Clin. Apheresis 19:174–179, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.