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Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticles Induce Mitochondria‐Mediated Cell Death and Upregulate the Expression of Signaling Genes in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Author(s) -
Alshatwi Ali A.,
Vaiyapuri Subbarayan Periasamy,
Ramesh E.,
AlHazzani Amal A.,
Alsaif Mohammed A.,
Alwarthan Abdulrahman A.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.526
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1099-0461
pISSN - 1095-6670
DOI - 10.1002/jbt.21448
Subject(s) - mesenchymal stem cell , apoptosis , viability assay , downregulation and upregulation , programmed cell death , cell , cytotoxicity , mitochondrion , stem cell , fragmentation (computing) , microbiology and biotechnology , gene expression , signal transduction , in vitro , chemistry , biology , gene , biochemistry , ecology
An increase in the broad usage of Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles ( ANP s) in the food and agricultural sectors may produce rare hazards for human health. The objective of this study was to assess the acute toxicity of ANPs in human mesenchymal stem cells (h MSC s) in vitro. Cell viability, cellular uptake, morphology, and gene expression using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) were analyzed. The results indicate that ANP s have a significant and dose‐dependent effect on cytotoxicity. Control cells showed a characteristic, homogeneous nuclear staining pattern, whereas ANP ‐exposed cells showed abnormal nuclear morphological changes such as condensation or fragmentation. An early characteristic of apoptosis was observed in ANP ‐treated cells. Further confirmation of cell death in h MSC s was observed through increased expression of chosen signaling genes and also decreased expression of B cl‐2 during mitochondria‐mediated cell death. Although they provide great advantages in food and agricultural products, the chronic and acute toxicity of ANP s still needs to be assessed carefully. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26:469‐476, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com . DOI 10:1002/jbt.21448