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Delphinidin Induces Autolysosome as well as Autophagosome Formation and Delphinidin‐Induced Autophagy Exerts a Cell Protective Role
Author(s) -
Tsuyuki Satoshi,
Fukui Sayuri,
Watanabe Akari,
Akune Satoshi,
Tanabe Mizuki,
Yoshida Kenichi
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.526
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1099-0461
pISSN - 1095-6670
DOI - 10.1002/jbt.21443
Subject(s) - delphinidin , anthocyanidins , anthocyanidin , autophagy , microbiology and biotechnology , atg5 , autophagosome , chemistry , sequestosome 1 , cyanidin , biochemistry , biology , anthocyanin , apoptosis , polyphenol , food science , antioxidant
Anthocyanidins, which are polyphenols that are believed to be effective for preventing cancer, are composed of a basic structure of the plant pigment anthocyanin. In this study, we investigated the biological activity of anthocyanidins, including delphinidin, against HeLa cells. The cytotoxicity observed in the anthocyanidins‐treated cells was well correlated with the inhibitory effects of anthocyanidins on c‐Jun‐dependent transcriptional activity. Remarkably, anthocyanidin induced autophagosome formation but lacked the ability to induce apoptosis. Notably, delphinidin enhanced autolysosome formation as well as autophagosome formation. Delphinidin treatment resulted in the accumulation of the lipidated form of Map1lc3b protein in an Atg5‐dependent manner in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Finally, we revealed that the cytotoxicity induced by delphinidin was more severe in Atg5‐deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts than in wild‐type cells. Taken together, these results indicate that the cytotoxicity induced by delphinidin was accompanied by autophagy and delphinidin‐induced autophagy exerted a cell protective role. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26:445‐453, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com . DOI 10:1002/jbt.21443