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Mechanisms of cytochrome P450 induction
Author(s) -
Tompkins Leslie M.,
Wallace Andrew D.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.526
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1099-0461
pISSN - 1095-6670
DOI - 10.1002/jbt.20180
Subject(s) - pregnane x receptor , constitutive androstane receptor , aryl hydrocarbon receptor , cytochrome p450 , cyp3a4 , xenobiotic , chemistry , transcription factor , heme , cyp1b1 , cytochrome , enzyme inducer , pregnane , androstane , biochemistry , cyp1a2 , hormone , receptor , cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme , nuclear receptor , metabolism , enzyme , gene , stereochemistry
Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are important heme‐containing proteins that play important roles in the metabolism of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. The oxidative metabolisms of drugs, environmental chemicals, hormones, and fatty acids by CYP enzymes are critical pathways aiding in their excretion from the body, but in some cases metabolism may lead to bioactivation and enhanced toxicity. The expression and activity levels of CYPs can be elevated by a process of induction involving the activation of key transcription factors. The mechanisms by which CYP3A4, 2B6, and 1A1 are induced involving the activation of the transcription factors pregnane X receptor (PXR), constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) will be discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 21:176–181, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20180