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Biological evaluation of zinc‐containing calcium alginate‐hydroxyapatite composite microspheres for bone regeneration
Author(s) -
Cuozzo Renan C.,
Sartoretto Suelen C.,
Resende Rodrigo F. B.,
Alves Adriana Terezinha N. N.,
Mavropoulos Elena,
Prado da Silva Marcelo H.,
CalasansMaia Mônica D.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.34593
Subject(s) - biomaterial , calvaria , calcium , zinc , in vivo , biocompatible material , regeneration (biology) , chemistry , bone tissue , biomedical engineering , osteoblast , microsphere , bone healing , in vitro , materials science , biochemistry , chemical engineering , surgery , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , organic chemistry , engineering
Zinc is an important element for bone structure and metabolism. Its interaction with hydroxyapatite has been investigated for the improvement of bone repair. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo biological response to nanostructured calcium alginate‐hydroxyapatite (HA) and zinc‐containing HA (ZnHA). Cytocompatibility was evaluated by applying PrestoBlue reagent after exposing murine pre‐osteoblast cells to extracts of each biomaterial microspheres. After physical and chemical characterization, the biomaterial microspheres were implanted in a critical size calvaria defect (8 mm) in Wistar rats ( n = 30) that were randomly divided into the HA and ZnHA groups. Tissue samples were evaluated through histological and histomorphometric analyses after 1, 3, and 6 months ( n = 5). The results showed cellular viability for both groups compared to the negative control, and no differences in metabolic activity were observed. The HA group presented a significant reduction of biomaterial compared with the ZnHA group in all experimental periods; however, a considerable amount of new bone formation was observed surrounding the ZnHA spheres at the 6‐month time point compared with the HA group ( p < .05). Both biomaterials were biocompatible, and the combination of zinc with hydroxyapatite was shown to improve bone repair.