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Antibacterial activity of copper‐bearing 316L stainless steel for the prevention of implant‐related infection
Author(s) -
Zhuang Yifu,
Zhang Shuyuan,
Yang Ke,
Ren Ling,
Dai Kerong
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.34405
Subject(s) - copper , antibacterial activity , nuclear chemistry , scanning electron microscope , staphylococcus aureus , staphylococcus epidermidis , materials science , confocal laser scanning microscopy , bacteria , escherichia coli , in vivo , crystal violet , implant , metallurgy , dentistry , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , biomedical engineering , surgery , biology , composite material , biochemistry , genetics , gene
Implant‐related infection (IRI) is a devastating complication in orthopedic procedures. Traditional materials used in orthopedics are susceptible to bacterial infection. In this study, we developed a copper‐bearing 316L stainless steel (316L‐Cu SS) for the prevention of IRI. This 316L‐Cu SS allowed stable and continuous release of copper ions with a rate of 5.079 ng/cm 2 /day. Compared with 316L stainless steel (316L SS), 316L‐Cu SS exhibited a broad‐spectrum antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , and Staphylococcus epidermidis with the bacterial reduction percentages of 95.2, 94.8, and 94.1%, respectively. The antibiofilm activity was confirmed by crystal violet assay, scanning electron microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The in vivo antibacterial performance was tested on a rat model. When nails were treated with a low concentration of bacteria, 316L SS group exhibit a bone infection with a radiographic score of 8.9 ± 1.1 and a histological score of 10.4 ± 1.0, which were higher than 316L‐Cu SS group (1.2 ± 0.2 and 0.9 ± 0.2), indicating IRI was reduced by 316L‐Cu SS. When nails were treated with a high concentration of bacteria, IRI was also alleviated by 316L‐Cu SS. Together, these results demonstrated that 316L‐Cu SS is a promising material for preventing IRI.