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Lanthanide phosphate (LnPO 4 ) rods as bio‐probes: A systematic investigation on structural, optical, magnetic, and biological characteristics
Author(s) -
Meenambal Rugmani,
Poojar Pavan,
Geethanath Sairam,
Anitha T. S.,
Kannan S.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.34229
Subject(s) - tetragonal crystal system , monoclinic crystal system , lanthanide , materials science , crystal (programming language) , crystallography , fluorescence , nuclear magnetic resonance , absorption (acoustics) , crystal structure , optics , chemistry , composite material , ion , physics , organic chemistry , computer science , programming language
The proposed work involves an exclusive study on the synthesis protocol, crystal structure analysis, and imaging contrast features of unique lanthanide phosphates (LnPO 4 ). XRD and Raman spectra affirmed the ability of the proposed synthesis technique to achieve unique LnPO 4 devoid of impurities. The crystal structure analysis confirms the P121/c1 space setting of NdPO 4 , EuPO 4 , GdPO 4 , and TbPO 4 that all uniformly crystallizes in monoclinic unit cell. In a similar manner, the tetragonal crystal setting of DyPO 4 , ErPO 4 , HoPO 4 , and YbPO 4 that unvaryingly possess the I41/amd space setting is confirmed. Under the same synthesis conditions, the monoclinic (Eu) and tetragonal (Ho) lanthanide phosphates displayed uniform rod‐like morphologies. Absorption and luminescence properties of unique LnPO 4 were determined. In vitro biological studies demonstrated low toxicity levels of LnPO 4 and clearly distinguished fluorescence of TbPO 4 and EuPO 4 in Y79, retinoblastoma cell lines. The paramagnetic response of GdPO 4 , NdPO 4 , DyPO 4 , TbPO 4 , and HoPO 4 facilitated excellent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast features. Meanwhile, GdPO 4 , DyPO 4 , HoPO 4 , and YbPO 4 possessing higher X‐ray absorption coefficient than clinical contrast Omnipaque™ exhibited high computed tomography (CT) efficiency. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1372–1383, 2019.