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Reduced cell attachment to poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐coated ventricular catheters in vitro
Author(s) -
Hanak Brian W.,
Hsieh ChiaYun,
Donaldson William,
Browd Samuel R.,
Lau Kenneth K. S.,
Shain William
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.33915
Subject(s) - methacrylate , materials science , coating , (hydroxyethyl)methacrylate , self healing hydrogels , substrate (aquarium) , biomedical engineering , polymer , chemical engineering , hydrocephalus , polymer chemistry , monomer , nanotechnology , composite material , surgery , medicine , oceanography , geology , engineering
The majority of patients with hydrocephalus are dependent on ventriculoperitoneal shunts for diversion of excess cerebrospinal fluid. Unfortunately, these shunts are failure‐prone and over half of all life‐threatening pediatric failures are caused by obstruction of the ventricular catheter by the brain's resident immune cells, reactive microglia and astrocytes. Poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) hydrogels are widely used for biomedical implants. The extreme hydrophilicity of PHEMA confers resistance to protein fouling, making it a strong candidate coating for ventricular catheters. With the advent of initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD), a solvent‐free coating technology that creates a polymer in thin film form on a substrate surface by introducing gaseous reactant species into a vacuum reactor, it is now possible to apply uniform polymer coatings on complex three‐dimensional substrate surfaces. iCVD was utilized to coat commercially available ventricular catheters with PHEMA. The chemical structure was confirmed on catheter surfaces using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. PHEMA coating morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Testing PHEMA‐coated catheters against uncoated clinical‐grade catheters in an in vitro hydrocephalus catheter bioreactor containing co‐cultured astrocytes and microglia revealed significant reductions in cell attachment to PHEMA‐coated catheters at both 17‐day and 6‐week time points. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1268–1279, 2018.