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A novel method of surface modification by electrochemical deoxidation: Effect on surface characteristics and initial bioactivity of zirconia
Author(s) -
Liu Juan,
Hong Guang,
Wu YuHan,
Endo Kosei,
Han JianMin,
Kumamoto Hiroyuki,
Wada Takeshi,
Kato Hidemi,
Gao Ping,
Sasaki Keiichi
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.33805
Subject(s) - materials science , cubic zirconia , microporous material , contact angle , wetting , surface modification , chemical engineering , titanium , morphology (biology) , surface roughness , electrochemistry , monoclinic crystal system , polishing , composite material , metallurgy , ceramic , electrode , crystallography , chemistry , crystal structure , biology , engineering , genetics
The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the surface characteristics and initial bioactivity of ceria‐stabilized zirconia/alumina nanocomposite (NANOZR) with those of yttria‐stabilized zirconia (3Y‐TZP) and pure titanium (CpTi) following the use of three surface modification methods; polishing, sandblasting/acid‐etching (SB‐E) and electrochemical deoxidation (ECD). Physical properties including surface morphology, chemical composition, X‐ray diffraction, surface wettability, surface roughness, and hardness were measured. Osteoblast‐like MC3T3‐E1 cells were used to examine cell morphology and attachment to the surfaces of the materials. ECD treated NANOZR (NANOZR‐E) showed a well‐arranged, self‐organized microporous surface structure with significantly low contact angles when compared with the other specimens ( p < 0.05). NANOZR‐E also demonstrated a slight decrease in monoclinic phase content (−4.4 wt %). The morphology and attachment of MC3T3‐E1 cells on NANOZR‐E were similar to those on polished and SBE‐treated CpTi surfaces. Higher cell affinity was observed on NANOZR‐E when compared with ECD treated 3Y‐TZP. The findings of this study indicate the effectiveness of the novel technique, ECD, in the formation of a microporous surface on NANOZR when compared with both CpTi and 3Y‐TZP. Moreover, this method also appears to improve the biological activity of NANOZR during the initial stage. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2641–2652, 2017.