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The biological response to orthopaedic implants for joint replacement: Part I: Metals
Author(s) -
Gibon Emmanuel,
Amanatullah Derek F.,
Loi Florence,
Pajarinen Jukka,
Nabeshima Akira,
Yao Zhenyu,
Hamadouche Moussa,
Goodman Stuart B.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.33734
Subject(s) - joint replacement , arthroplasty replacement , joint (building) , total joint replacement , osteolysis , prosthesis , joint arthroplasty , load bearing , implant , orthopedic surgery , materials science , arthroplasty , biomedical engineering , medicine , dentistry , surgery , engineering , composite material , structural engineering
Joint replacement is a commonly performed, highly successful orthopaedic procedure, for which surgeons have a large choice of different materials and implant designs. The materials used for joint replacement must be both biologically acceptable to minimize adverse local tissue reactions, and robust enough to support weight bearing during common activities of daily living. Modern joint replacements are made from metals and their alloys, polymers, ceramics, and composites. This review focuses on the biological response to the different biomaterials used for joint replacement. In general, modern materials for joint replacement are well tolerated by the body as long as they are in bulk (rather than in particulate or ionic) form, are mechanically stable and noninfected. If the latter conditions are not met, the prosthesis will be associated with an acute/chronic inflammatory reaction, peri‐prosthetic osteolysis, loosening and failure. This article (Part 1 of 2) is dedicated to the use of metallic devices in orthopaedic surgery including the associated biological response to metallic byproducts is a review of the basic science literature regarding this topic. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2162–2173, 2017.