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Osteoinductive‐nanoscaled silk/ HA composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering application
Author(s) -
Huang Xiaowei,
Bai Shumeng,
Lu Qiang,
Liu Xi,
Liu Shanshan,
Zhu Hesun
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.33323
Subject(s) - silk , tissue engineering , composite number , materials science , fibroin , biomedical engineering , composite material , engineering
Abstract Osteoinductive silk/hydroxyapatite (HA) composite scaffolds for bone regeneration were prepared by combining silk with HA/silk core–shell nanoparticles. The HA/silk nanoparticles were directly dispersed in silk solution to form uniform silk/HA blend and then composite scaffolds after a freeze‐drying process. The HA/silk nanoparticles uniformly distributed in silk scaffolds at nanometer scale at varying HA content up to 40%, and substantially improved the compressive strength of the scaffolds produced. Rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) were cultured in these scaffolds and cell proliferation was analyzed by confocal microscopy and DNA assay. Gene expression and biochemical assays were employed to study the influence of increasing HA/silk nanoparticles on in vitro osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. Increasing HA/silk nanoparticles inside silk scaffolds improved the growth and osteogenic capability of rBMSCs in the absence of osteogenic growth factors, and also significantly increased the calcium and collagen I deposition. In addition, compared to silk/HA composite scaffolds containing HA aggregates, the scaffolds loaded with HA/silk nanoparticles showed remarkably higher stiffness and better osteogenic property at same HA content, implying a preferable microenvironment for rBMSCs. These results suggest that the osteogenic property as well as mechanical property of silk/HA scaffolds could be further improved through fabricating their structure and topography at nanometer scale, providing more suitable systems for bone regeneration. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 1402–1414, 2015.