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Development of a sutureless dural substitute from Bombyx mori silk fibroin
Author(s) -
Flanagan Kelly E.,
Tien Lee W.,
Elia Roberto,
Wu Julian,
Kaplan David
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.33217
Subject(s) - fibroin , silk , biomaterial , materials science , dura mater , biomedical engineering , biocompatibility , seal (emblem) , biocompatible material , adhesive , composite material , layer (electronics) , surgery , nanotechnology , medicine , art , visual arts , metallurgy
Silk solvent casting, electrospinning, and electrogelation techniques were used to create a biodegradable, biocompatible silk fibroin dural substitute. The all‐silk system was designed and produced to improve on currently available materials, grafts and tissue sealants used for dural closure in neurosurgery. The silk biomaterial was successfully fabricated as a dual layer adhesive system designed to seal durotomies while also functioning as a dural regeneration scaffold. The mechanical characteristics, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and hydrodynamic sealing capability of the material were evaluated. Results showed that the biomaterial was biocompatible with neural cells and fibroblasts, had mechanical properties mimicking the natural dura, was biodegradable with controllable degradation, and was able to seal against a hydrodynamic pressure of 205 mmHg, which greatly exceeds the maximum cerebrospinal fluid pressure seen in both cranial and spinal dural closures of 50 mmHg. Based on its design and experimental results, the adhesive silk dual layer composite biomaterial shows potential as a sutureless dural repair system that would improve on current dural closure techniques. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 103B: 485–494, 2015.