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Cytotoxicity of PVPAC‐treated bovine pericardium: A potential replacement for glutaraldehyde in biological heart valves
Author(s) -
Galvão Barros Janaina Aline,
FilippinMonteiro Fabiola Branco,
Oliveira Edson Mendes,
Campa Ana,
Catalani Luiz Henrique,
Nogueira Moraes Pitombo Ronaldo,
Polakiewicz Bronislaw
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.33036
Subject(s) - glutaraldehyde , biocompatibility , calcification , chemistry , biomedical engineering , cytotoxicity , tissue engineering , decellularization , in vivo , heart valve , biomaterial , biochemistry , in vitro , surgery , pathology , biology , chromatography , medicine , organic chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology
Acellular biological tissues, including bovine pericardium (BP), have been proposed as biomaterial for tissue engineering. BP is usually modified chemically to improve mechanical and biological properties using glutaraldehyde, the standard reagent for preservation of fresh bioprosthetic materials. Glutaraldehyde‐fixed BP (Glut‐BP), the most widely used material in heart valve manufacture, has been associated with calcification in vivo . In an attempt to reduce this issue and maintain its biocompatibility, this study assesses the physical properties and cytotoxicity of lyophilized BP treated with poly (vinylpyrrolidone‐ co ‐acrolein) (PVPAC‐BP), a novel copolymer, as a substitute for glutaraldehyde. For that, PVPAC‐BP surface ultrastructure, elastic function, water uptake and tissue calcification were evaluated. For the analysis of biocompatibility, fibroblasts (3T3‐L1) and endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured on PVPAC‐BP, Untreated‐BP and Glut‐BP. Nitric oxide (NO) release assay, fluorescence and SEM images of endothelial cells adhered on scaffolds were also performed. As results, the data show some advantages of PVPAC‐BP over the Glut‐BP. The PVPAC‐BP maintains partially the original ultrastructure and elastic properties, improves scaffold hydration, and presents less calcium phosphate deposits. The cells demonstrated strong attachment, high proliferation rate, and formation of a monolayer on PVPAC‐BP. Attached cells were also able to release NO de‐monstrating regular metabolism. In conclusion, PVPAC may be considered as a promising alternative to BP treatment improving the efficiency of cell attachment and proliferation and also avoid immunogenicity. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 574–582, 2014.