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Preparation and bioactive properties of novel bone‐repair bionanocomposites based on hydroxyapatite and bioactive glass nanoparticles
Author(s) -
Valenzuela Francisco,
Covarrubias Cristian,
Martínez Constanza,
Smith Patricio,
DíazDosque Mario,
YazdaniPedram Mehrdad
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.32736
Subject(s) - simulated body fluid , materials science , bioactive glass , nanocomposite , crystallization , nanoparticle , apatite , biocompatibility , composite material , chemical engineering , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , scanning electron microscope , nanotechnology , engineering , metallurgy
Bionanocomposites based on ceramic nanoparticles and a biodegradable porous matrix represent a promising strategy for bone repair applications. The preparation and bioactive properties of bionanocomposites based on hydroxyapatite (nHA) and bioactive glass (nBG) nanoparticles were presented. nHA and nBG were synthesized with nanometric particle size using sol–gel/precipitation methods. Composite scaffolds were prepared by incorporating nHA and nBG into a porous alginate (ALG) matrix at different particle loads. The ability of the bionanocomposites to induce the crystallization of the apatite phase from simulated body fluid (SBF) was systematically evaluated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X‐ray analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Both nHA/ALG and nBG/ALG composites were shown to notably accelerate the process of crystallization and growth of the apatite phase on the scaffold surfaces. For short immersion times in SBF, nBG (25%)‐based nanocomposites induced a higher degree of apatite crystallization than nHA (25%)‐based nanocomposites, probably due to the more reactive nature of the BG particles. Through a reinforcement effect, the nanoparticles also improve the mechanical properties and stability in SBF of the polymer scaffold matrix. In addition, in vitro biocompatibility tests demonstrated that osteoblast cells are viable and adhere well on the surface of the bionanocomposites. These results indicate that nHA‐ and nBG‐based bionanocomposites present potential properties for bone repair applications, particularly oriented to accelerate the bone mineralization process. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 100B: 1672–1682, 2012.