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Development of a biomimetic collagen‐hydroxyapatite scaffold for bone tissue engineering using a SBF immersion technique
Author(s) -
AlMunajjed Amir A.,
Plunkett Niamh A.,
Gleeson John P.,
Weber Tim,
Jungreuthmayer Christian,
Levingstone Tanya,
Hammer Joachim,
O'Brien Fergal J.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.31320
Subject(s) - scaffold , simulated body fluid , tissue engineering , biomedical engineering , materials science , porosity , chemistry , scanning electron microscope , mineralization (soil science) , composite material , medicine , organic chemistry , nitrogen
The objective of this study was to develop a biomimetic, highly porous collagen‐hydroxyapatite (HA) composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering (TE), combining the biological performance and the high porosity of a collagen scaffold with the high mechanical stiffness of a HA scaffold. Pure collagen scaffolds were produced using a lyophilization process and immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) to provide a biomimetic coating. Pure collagen scaffolds served as a control. The mechanical, material, and structural properties of the scaffolds were analyzed and the biological performance of the scaffolds was evaluated by monitoring the cellular metabolic activity and cell number at 1, 2, and 7 days post seeding. The SBF‐treated scaffolds exhibited a significantly increased stiffness compared to the pure collagen group (4‐fold increase), while a highly interconnected structure (95%) was retained. FTIR indicated that the SBF coating exhibited similar characteristics to pure HA. Micro‐CT showed a homogeneous distribution of HA. Scanning electron microscopy also indicated a mineralization of the collagen combined with a precipitation of HA onto the collagen. The excellent biological performance of the collagen scaffolds was maintained in the collagen‐HA scaffolds as demonstrated from cellular metabolic activity and total cell number. This investigation has successfully developed a biomimetic collagen‐HA composite scaffold. An increase in the mechanical properties combined with an excellent biological performance in vitro was observed, indicating the high potential of the scaffold for bone TE. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009