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Continuous wave ultrasound enhances vancomycin release and antimicrobial efficacy of antibiotic‐loaded acrylic bone cement in vitro and in vivo
Author(s) -
Yan Shigui,
Cai Xunzi,
Yan Weiqi,
Dai Xuesong,
Wu Haobo
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.30705
Subject(s) - vancomycin , antibiotics , bone cement , in vivo , antimicrobial , drug delivery , staphylococcus aureus , medicine , materials science , pharmacology , surgery , microbiology and biotechnology , cement , biology , bacteria , composite material , nanotechnology , genetics
Although antibiotic‐loaded bone cement (ALBC) is used as a drug delivery vehicle to decrease infection rates, the varied clinical effect of the antibiotic release remains controversial. The objective of this study is to investigate the enhancement of continuous wave ultrasound (CWU) on vancomycin release and antimicrobial efficacy of ALBC in vitro and in vivo . We measured vancomycin concentrations after a 0.5‐h exposure of CWU. The results showed that CWU increased the drug elution by 2.57–27.44% when compared with the controls in vitro . Ultrasonic intensity and vancomycin load both had a significant effect on the cumulative drug elution at 10.5 h, with a significant interaction between each other. We also implanted ALBC specimens into hip joints of sixteen New Zealand White female rabbits after inoculations of Staphylococcus aureus around primary implants for 30 days. Vancomycin concentrations in the hip cavity and urinary elimination of vancomycin were both measured after intermittent exposures of CWU. The results showed that CWU increased local T max by 47.6 μg/mL and urinary elimination of vancomycin by 109.56 μg, but failed to prolong local T >MIC . On day 30 after the implantation, assessment in clinical performance, radiology, bacteriology, and histology all showed a tendency of decreased bacterial vitality and relieved inflammation in the infected hip treated by CWU. This study suggested that CWU could effectively enhance vancomycin release and antimicrobial efficacy of ALBC, which may be of clinical significance for treating prosthesis‐related infections. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2006