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Sol–gel synthesis of bioactive glass scaffolds for tissue engineering: Effect of surfactant type and concentration
Author(s) -
de Barros Coelho Marlene,
Magalhães Pereira Marivalda
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.30354
Subject(s) - pulmonary surfactant , porosity , chemical engineering , adhesion , sodium dodecyl sulfate , biodegradation , materials science , tissue engineering , chemistry , composite material , chromatography , biomedical engineering , organic chemistry , medicine , engineering
Well‐defined structural characteristics are some of the exigencies that have to be attended when scaffolds for bone tissue cell culture are designed. A high porosity (70–90%) and a high specific surface area and an average pore size > 150 μm will contribute to allow cell migration throughout the structure, adhesion, and proliferation. At the same time, the biodegradation of the material should occur in a proper rate. One way to reach a structure with these characteristics is to produce foams during sol–gel processing of bioactive glasses (system CaOSiO 2 P 2 O 5 ). The addition of a surfactant in the sol–gel solution is necessary for foam formation and to maintain its stability until complete gelation occurs. This study presents the performance evaluation of two surfactants [sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) and Tergitol®) to determine optimum conditions for foaming ability and stability properties. The anionic surfactant SLES showed better results in terms of foam volume and its stability. Bioactive glass foams obtained with use of this surfactant presented a higher and interconnected porosity. The porosity of the scaffolds produced was 90%, and the macropore size ranged from 100 to 500 μm. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2005