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Hydroxyapatite and titania sol–gel composite coatings on titanium for hard tissue implants; Mechanical and in vitro biological performance
Author(s) -
Kim HaeWon,
Kim HyounEe,
Salih Vehid,
Knowles Jonathan C.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.30073
Subject(s) - materials science , composite number , coating , composite material , titanium , substrate (aquarium) , adhesion , sol gel , chemical engineering , simulated body fluid , scanning electron microscope , nanotechnology , metallurgy , oceanography , engineering , geology
Hydroxyapatite (HA) composites with titania (TiO 2 ) up to 30 mol % were coated on a titanium (Ti) substrate by a sol–gel route, and the mechanical and biological properties of the coating systems were evaluated. Using polymeric precursors, highly stable HA and TiO 2 sols were prepared prior to making composite sols and coatings. Coatings were produced under a controlled spinning and heat treatment process. Pure phases of HA and TiO 2 were well developed on the composites after heat treatment above 450°C. The HA–TiO 2 composite coating layers were homogeneous and highly dense with a thickness of about 800–900 nm. The adhesion strength of the coating layers with respect to Ti substrate increased with increasing the TiO 2 addition. The highest strength obtained was as high as 56 MPa, with an improvement of about 50% when compared to pure HA (37 MPa). The osteoblast‐like cells grew and spread actively on all the composite coatings. The proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of the cells grown on the composite coatings were much higher than those on bare Ti, and even comparable to those on pure HA coating. Notably, the HA–20% TiO 2 composite coating showed a significantly higher proliferation and ALP expression compared to bare Ti ( p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the sol–gel‐derived HA–TiO 2 composite coatings possess excellent properties for hard tissue applications from the mechanical and biological perspective. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 72B: 1–8, 2005