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Properties of super stainless steels for orthodontic applications
Author(s) -
Oh KeunTaek,
Kim YoungSik,
Park YongSoo,
Kim KyoungNam
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part b: applied biomaterials
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.665
H-Index - 108
eISSN - 1552-4981
pISSN - 1552-4973
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.b.30002
Subject(s) - corrosion , martensitic stainless steel , materials science , metallurgy , martensite , nickel , austenite , nuclear chemistry , austenitic stainless steel , microstructure , chemistry
Abstract Orthodontic stainless‐steel appliances are considered to be corrosion resistant, but localized corrosion can occur in the oral cavity. This study was undertaken to evaluate the properties of super stainless steels in orthodontic applications. Accordingly, the metallurgical properties, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, amount of the released nickel, cytotoxicity, and characteristics of the passive film were investigated. Corrosion resistances of the specimens were high and in the following order: super austenitic stainless steel (SR‐50A) > super ferritic stainless steel (SFSS) = super duplex stainless steel (SR‐6DX) > 316L SS > super martensitic stainless steel (SR‐3Mo) in artificial saliva, 37 °C. At 500 mV (SCE), current densities of SR‐50A, SFSS, SR‐6DX, 316L SS, and SR‐3Mo were 5.96 μA/cm 2 , 20.3 μA/cm 2 , 31.9 μA/cm 2 , 805 μA/cm 2 , and 5.36 mA/cm 2 , respectively. Open circuit potentials of SR‐50A, 316L SS, SR‐6DX, SR‐3Mo, and SFSS were − 0.2, − 0.22, − 0.24, − 0.43, and − 0.46 V (SCE), respectively. SR‐50A, SFSS, and SR‐6DX released below 3 ng/ml nickel for 8 weeks, and increased a little with immersion time, and 316L SS released about 3.5 ng/ml nickel, but SR‐3Mo released a large amount of nickel, which increased with immersion time. The study demonstrated that SR‐50A, SR‐6DX, and SFSS have high corrosion resistance and mild or no cytotoxicity, due to the passive film enhanced by synergistic effect of Mo + N or by high addition effect of Cr + W. All super stainless steels showed very low cytotoxicity regardless of their nickel contents, although SR‐3Mo was found to be relatively cytotoxic. From these studies, these steels are considered suitable for orthodontic applications. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 69B: 183–194, 2004