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Surface activation with oxygen plasma promotes osteogenesis with enhanced extracellular matrix formation in three‐dimensional microporous scaffolds
Author(s) -
Yamada Shuntaro,
Yassin Mohammed A.,
Weigel Tobias,
Schmitz Tobias,
Hansmann Jan,
Mustafa Kamal
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.37151
Subject(s) - biocompatibility , contact angle , wetting , bone sialoprotein , osteocalcin , chemistry , extracellular matrix , chemical engineering , materials science , plasma activation , polyester , tissue engineering , surface modification , adhesion , microporous material , biomedical engineering , biophysics , composite material , plasma , organic chemistry , alkaline phosphatase , biochemistry , quantum mechanics , physics , engineering , biology , medicine , enzyme
Various types of synthetic polyesters have been developed as biomaterials for tissue engineering. These materials commonly possess biodegradability, biocompatibility, and formability, which are preferable properties for bone regeneration. The major challenge of using synthetic polyesters is the result of low cell affinity due to their hydrophobic nature, which hinders efficient cell seeding and active cell dynamics. To improve wettability, plasma treatment is widely used in industry. Here, we performed surface activation with oxygen plasma to hydrophobic copolymers, poly( l ‐lactide‐co‐trimethylene carbonate), which were shaped in 2D films and 3D microporous scaffolds, and then we evaluated the resulting surface properties and the cellular responses of rat bone marrow stem cells (rBMSC) to the material. Using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, we demonstrated that short‐term plasma treatment increased nanotopographical surface roughness and wettability with minimal change in surface chemistry. On treated surfaces, initial cell adhesion and elongation were significantly promoted, and seeding efficiency was improved. In an osteoinductive environment, rBMSC on plasma‐treated scaffolds exhibited accelerated osteogenic differentiation with osteogenic markers including RUNX2, osterix, bone sialoprotein, and osteocalcin upregulated, and a greater amount of collagen matrix and mineral deposition were found. This study shows the utility of plasma surface activation for polymeric scaffolds in bone tissue engineering.