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In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of calcium‐phosphate scaffolds three‐dimensional printed by stereolithography for bone regeneration
Author(s) -
Le Guéhennec Laurent,
Van hede Dorien,
Plougonven Erwan,
Nolens Grégory,
Verlée Bruno,
De Pauw MarieClaire,
Lambert France
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.36823
Subject(s) - biocompatibility , stereolithography , materials science , biomedical engineering , scaffold , osseointegration , in vivo , biomaterial , bioceramic , scanning electron microscope , nanotechnology , implant , composite material , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , metallurgy , biology , surgery
Stereolithography (SLA) is an interesting manufacturing technology to overcome limitations of commercially available particulated biomaterials dedicated to intra‐oral bone regeneration applications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and osteoinductive properties of two calcium‐phosphate (CaP)‐based scaffolds manufactured by SLA three‐dimensional (3D) printing. Pellets and macro‐porous scaffolds were manufactured in pure hydroxyapatite (HA) and in biphasic CaP (HA:60‐TCP:40). Physico‐chemical characterization was performed using micro X‐ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical interferometry, and microtomography (μCT) analyses. Osteoblast‐like MG‐63 cells were used to evaluate the biocompatibility of the pellets in vitro with MTS assay and the cell morphology and growth characterized by SEM and DAPI‐actin staining showed similar early behavior. For in vivo biocompatibility, newly formed bone and biodegradability of the experimental scaffolds were evaluated in a subperiosteal cranial rat model using μCT and descriptive histology. The histological analysis has not indicated evidences of inflammation but highlighted close contacts between newly formed bone and the experimental biomaterials revealing an excellent scaffold osseointegration. This study emphasizes the relevance of SLA 3D printing of CaP‐based biomaterials for intra‐oral bone regeneration even if manufacturing accuracy has to be improved and further experiments using biomimetic scaffolds should be conducted.