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An in vivo comparative study of the gelatin microtissue‐based bottom‐up strategy and top‐down strategy in bone tissue engineering application
Author(s) -
Luo Chao,
Fang Huimin,
Li Jialun,
Hou Jinfei,
Yang Jie,
Yuan Quan,
Guo Liang,
Zhong Aimei,
Wang Jiecong,
Sun Jiaming,
Wang Zhenxing
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.36587
Subject(s) - biomedical engineering , materials science , in vivo , gelatin , tissue engineering , mesenchymal stem cell , angiogenesis , regenerative medicine , cd31 , stem cell , pathology , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , medicine , cancer research , biochemistry
Tissue‐engineered bone grafts (TEBGs) represent a promising treatment for bone defects. Nevertheless, drawbacks of the current construction strategy (top‐down [TD] strategy) such as limited transmission of nutrients and nonuniform distribution of seeded cells, result in an unsatisfied therapeutic effect on large segmental bone defects. Theoretically, tissue‐engineered microtissue (TEMT)‐based bottom‐up (BU) strategy is effective in preserving seed cells and vascularization, thus being regarded as a better alternative for TEBGs. Yet, there are few studies focusing on the comparison of the in vivo performance of TEBGs fabricated by TD or BU strategy. Here, we developed an ectopic bone formation rat model to compare the performance of these two construction strategies in vivo. TEBGs made from gelatin TEMT (BU strategy) and bulk tissue (BT; TD strategy) were seeded with equal number of rat bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells and fabricated in 5 mm polydimethylsiloxane chambers. The grafts were implanted into subcutaneous pockets in the same rat. Four weeks after implantation, microcomputed tomography and hematoxylin and eosin staining results demonstrated that more bony tissue was formed in the microtissue (MT) group than in the BT group. CD31 staining further confirmed that there were more blood vessels in the MT group, indicating that the BU strategy was superior in inducing angiogenesis. This comparative study provides evidence that the BU construction strategy is more effective for in vivo application and bone defect treatment by bone tissue engineering. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 678–688, 2019.