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TiO 2 nanoparticles disrupt cell adhesion and the architecture of cytoskeletal networks of human osteoblast‐like cells in a size dependent manner
Author(s) -
Ibrahim Mohamed,
Schoelermann Julia,
Mustafa Kamal,
Cimpan Mihaela R.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.36448
Subject(s) - vinculin , cytoskeleton , focal adhesion , materials science , adhesion , cell adhesion , osteoblast , microbiology and biotechnology , biophysics , nanotechnology , phosphorylation , cell , biology , biochemistry , in vitro , composite material
Human exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano‐TiO 2 ) is increasing. An internal source of nano‐TiO 2 is represented by titanium‐based orthopedic and dental implants can release nanoparticles (NPs) upon abrasion. Little is known about how the size of NPs influences their interaction with cytoskeletal protein networks and the functional/homeostatic consequences that might follow at the implant‐bone interface with regard to osteoblasts. We investigated the effects of size of anatase nano‐TiO 2 on SaOS‐2 human osteoblast‐like cells exposed to clinically relevant concentrations (0.05, 0.5, 5 mg/L) of 5 and 40 nm spherical nano‐TiO 2 . Cell viability and proliferation, adhesion, spread and migration were assessed, as well as the orientation of actin and microtubule cytoskeletal networks. The phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p‐FAK Y397 ) and the expression of vinculin in response to nano‐TiO 2 were also assessed. Treatment with nano‐TiO 2 disrupted the actin and microtubule cytoskeletal networks leading to morphological modifications of SaOS‐2 cells. The phosphorylation of p‐FAK Y397 and the expression of vinculin were also modified depending on the particle size, which affected cell adhesion. Consequently, the cell migration was significantly impaired in the 5 nm‐exposed cells compared to unexposed cells. The present work shows that the orientation of cytoskeletal networks and the focal adhesion proteins and subsequently the adhesion, spread and migration of SaOS‐2 cells were affected by the selected nano‐TiO 2 in a size dependent manner. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 2582–2593, 2018.