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Design and optimization of biocompatible polycaprolactone/poly ( l ‐lactic‐ co ‐glycolic acid) scaffolds with and without microgrooves for tissue engineering applications
Author(s) -
Alvim Valente Cristhiane,
Cesar Chagastelles Pedro,
Fontaicoletti Natália,
Ramos Garcez Giovanna,
Sgarioni Bruna,
Herrmann Fábio,
Pesenatto Gustavo,
Goldani Eduardo,
Zanini Mara Lise,
Campos Maria Martha,
Meurer Papaléo Ricardo,
Braga da Silva Jefferson,
de Souza Basso Nara Regina
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.36355
Subject(s) - plga , materials science , polycaprolactone , biomaterial , membrane , tissue engineering , glycolic acid , biomedical engineering , adhesion , polyester , contact angle , polymer , composite material , lactic acid , nanotechnology , chemistry , nanoparticle , biochemistry , medicine , biology , bacteria , genetics
This study investigated the effects of smooth and microgrooved membrane blends, with different polycaprolactone (PCL)/ poly(lactic‐ co ‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) ratios on the viability, proliferation, and adhesion of different mammalian cell types. The polymer matrices with and without microgrooves, obtained by solvent casting, were characterized by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, contact angle and Young's modulus. Blend characterization showed an increase in roughness and stiffness of membranes with 30% PLGA, without any effect on the contact angle value. Pure PCL significantly decreased the viability of Vero, HaCaT, RAW 264.7, and human fetal lung and gingival fibroblast cells, whereas addition of increasing concentrations of PLGA led to a reduced cytotoxicity. Increased proliferation rates were observed for all cell lines. Fibroblasts adhered efficiently to smooth membranes of the PCL70/PLGA30 blend and pure PLGA, compared to pure PCL and silicone. Microgrooved membranes promoted similar cell adhesion for all groups. Microstructured membranes (15 and 20‐μm wide grooves) promoted suitable orientation of fibroblasts in both PCL70/PLGA30 and pure PLGA, as compared to pure PCL. Neuronal cells of the dorsal root ganglion exhibited an oriented adhesion to all the tested microgrooved membranes. Data suggest a satisfactory safety profile for the microgrooved PCL70/PLGA30 blend, pointing out this polymer combination as a promising biomaterial for peripheral nerve regeneration when cell orientation is required. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1522–1534, 2018.