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C ollagen hydrogel scaffold promotes mesenchymal stem cell and endothelial cell coculture for bone tissue engineering
Author(s) -
Nguyen BaoNgoc B.,
Moriarty Rebecca A.,
Kamalitdinov Tim,
Etheridge Julie M.,
Fisher John P.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.36008
Subject(s) - mesenchymal stem cell , tissue engineering , microbiology and biotechnology , self healing hydrogels , biomedical engineering , angiogenesis , scaffold , materials science , stem cell , bioreactor , cell , chemistry , biology , medicine , cancer research , biochemistry , polymer chemistry , organic chemistry
The generation of functional, vascularized tissues is a key challenge for the field of tissue engineering. Before clinical implantations of such tissue engineered bone constructs can succeed, tactics to promote neovascularization need to be strengthened. We have previously demonstrated that the tubular perfusion system (TPS) bioreactor is an effective culturing method to augment osteogenic differentiation and maintain viability of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). Here, we devised a strategy to address the need for a functional microvasculature by designing an in vitro coculture system that simultaneously cultures osteogenic differentiating hMSCs with endothelial cells (ECs). We utilized the TPS bioreactor as a dynamic coculture environment, which we hypothesize will encourage prevascularization of endothelial cells and early formation of bone tissue and could aid in anastomosis of the graft with the host vasculature after patient implantation. To evaluate the effect of different natural scaffolds for this coculture system, the cells were encapsulated in alginate and/or collagen hydrogel scaffolds. We discovered the necessity of cell‐to‐cell proximity between the two cell types as well as preference for the natural cell binding capabilities of hydrogels like collagen. We discovered increased osteogenic and angiogenic potential as seen by amplified gene and protein expression of ALP, BMP‐2, VEGF, and PECAM. The TPS bioreactor further augmented these expressions, indicating a synergistic effect between coculture and applied shear stress. The development of this dynamic coculture platform for the prevascularization of engineered bone, emphasizing the importance of the construct microenvironments and will advance the clinical use of tissue engineered constructs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 1123–1131, 2017.