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Nanoporous metals for biodegradable implants: Initial bone mesenchymal stem cell adhesion and degradation behavior
Author(s) -
Heiden Michael,
Huang Sabrina,
Nauman Eric,
Johnson David,
Stanciu Lia
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.35707
Subject(s) - materials science , biocompatibility , nanoporous , mesenchymal stem cell , scanning electron microscope , biomedical engineering , nanotechnology , chemical engineering , composite material , metallurgy , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , engineering , biology
Nanostructured Fe‐Mn and Fe‐Mn‐Zn metal scaffolds were generated through a well‐controlled selective leaching process in order to fulfill the growing demand for adjustable degradation rates and improved cellular response of resorbable materials. Mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (D1 ORL UVA) were seeded onto eleven, carefully chosen nanoporous surfaces for 24 h in vitro . Using a combination of fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and an MTS assay, it was discovered that scaffolds with nanoscale roughened surfaces had increased cell attachment by up to 123% compared to polished smooth Fe‐Mn surfaces. Significant cell spreading and construction of cell multilayers were also apparent after 24 h, suggesting better adhesion. Additionally, static electrochemical polarization experiments revealed an improvement of up to 26% in the actual rate of biodegradation for Fe‐Mn surface‐modified materials. However, any residual concentration of zinc after leaching was shown to slightly increase corrosion resistance. The results demonstrate that selectively leached, nanostructured Fe‐Mn surfaces have the potential of being tailored to a diverse set of transient implant scenarios, while also effectively boosting overall biocompatibility, initial cell attachment, and degradation rate. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1747–1758, 2016.