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The fabrication of double layer tubular vascular tissue engineering scaffold via coaxial electrospinning and its 3D cell coculture
Author(s) -
Ye Lin,
Cao Jie,
Chen Lamei,
Geng Xue,
Zhang AiYing,
Guo LianRui,
Gu YongQuan,
Feng ZengGuo
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.35531
Subject(s) - scaffold , materials science , electrospinning , tissue engineering , coaxial , nanofiber , biomedical engineering , scanning electron microscope , biophysics , nanotechnology , composite material , medicine , electrical engineering , biology , engineering , polymer
Abstract A continuous electrospinning technique was applied to fabricate double layer tubular tissue engineering vascular graft (TEVG) scaffold. The luminal layer was made from poly(ɛ‐caprolac‐tone)(PCL) ultrafine fibers via common single axial electrospinning followed by the outer layer of core‐shell structured nanofibers via coaxial electrospinning. For preparing the outer layernano‐fibers, the PCL was electrospun into the shell and both bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tetrapeptide val‐gal‐pro‐gly (VAPG) were encapsulated into the core. The core‐shell structure in the outer layer fibers was observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The in vitro release tests exhibited the sustainable release behavior of BSA and VAPG so that they provided a better cell growth environment in the interior of tubular scaffold wall. The in vitro culture of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) demonstrated their potential to penetrate into the scaffold wall for the 3D cell culture. Subsequently, 3D cell coculture was conducted. First, SMCs were seeded on the luminal surface of the scaffold and cultured for 5 days, and then endothelial cells (ECs) were also seeded on the luminal surface and cocultured with SMCs for another 2 days. After stained with antibodies, 3D cell distribution on the scaffold was revealed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) where ECs were mainly located on the luminal surface whereas SMCs penetrated into the surface and distributed inside the scaffold wall. This double layer tubular scaffold with 3D cell distribution showed the promise to develop it into a novel TEVG for clinical trials in the near future. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 3863–3871, 2015.