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Preparation of cardiac extracellular matrix scaffolds by decellularization of human myocardium
Author(s) -
Oberwallner Barbara,
Brodarac Andreja,
Choi YeongHoon,
Saric Tomo,
Anić Petra,
Morawietz Lars,
Stamm Christof
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.35000
Subject(s) - decellularization , extracellular matrix , tissue engineering , scaffold , biomedical engineering , microbiology and biotechnology , regeneration (biology) , mesenchymal stem cell , materials science , matrix (chemical analysis) , biomaterial , biology , medicine , composite material
Extracellular matrix (ECM) derived by tissue decellularization has applications as a tissue engineering scaffold and for support of cellular regeneration. Myocardial ECM from animals has been produced by whole‐organ perfusion or immersion processes, but methods for preparation of human myocardial ECM for therapy and research have not been compared in detail, yet. We analyzed the impact of decellularization processes on human myocardial ECM, and tested its ability to serve as a scaffold for cell seeding. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)‐based decellularization, but not treatments based on Triton X‐100, deoxycholate or hypo/hypertonic incubations, removed cells satisfactorily, and incubation with fetal bovine serum (FBS) eliminated residual DNA. ECM architecture was best preserved by a protocol consisting of 2 h lysis, 6 h SDS, and 3 h FBS, but age and pathology of the donor tissue are highly important for producing reproducible, high‐quality scaffolds. We also studied ECM repopulation with mesenchymal stem cells (CB‐MSC), cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS‐CM), and naïve neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes. Cells attached to the matrix and proliferated and displayed higher viability than in standard culture. We conclude that human cardiac ECM sheets may be suitable scaffold for cell‐matrix interaction studies and as a biomaterial for tissue regeneration and engineering. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 3263–3272, 2014