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Dose‐dependent surface endothelialization and biocompatibility of polyurethane noble metal nanocomposites
Author(s) -
Hess Christian,
Schwenke Andreas,
Wagener Philipp,
Franzka Steffen,
Laszlo Sajti Csaba,
Pflaum Michael,
Wiegmann Bettina,
Haverich Axel,
Barcikowski Stephan
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.34860
Subject(s) - materials science , nanocomposite , nanoparticle , biocompatibility , surface modification , thermoplastic polyurethane , polymer , polyurethane , chemical engineering , biomedical engineering , nanotechnology , composite material , elastomer , medicine , engineering , metallurgy
Surface pre‐endothelialization is a promising approach to improve the hemocompatibility of implants, medical devices, and artificial organs. To promote the adhesive property of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) for endothelial cells (ECs), up to 1 wt % of gold (Au) or platinum (Pt) nanoparticles, fabricated by pulsed laser ablation in polymer solution, were embedded into the polymer matrix. The analysis of these nanocomposites showed a homogenous dispersion of the nanoparticles, with average diameters of 7 nm for Au or 9 nm for Pt. A dose‐dependent effect was found when ECs were seeded onto nanocomposites comprising different nanoparticle concentrations, resulting in a fivefold improvement of proliferation at 0.1 wt % nanoparticle load. This effect was associated with a nanoparticle concentration‐dependent hydrophilicity and negative charge of the nanocomposite. In dynamic flow tests, nanocomposites containing 0.1 wt % Au or Pt nanoparticles allowed for the generation of a confluent and resistant EC layer. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction quantification of specific markers for EC activation indicated that ECs cultivated on nanocomposites remain in an inactivated, nonthrombogenic and noninflammatory state; however, maintain the ability to trigger an inflammatory response upon stimulation. These findings were confirmed by a platelet and leukocyte adhesion assay. The results of this study suggest the possible applicability of TPU nanocomposites, containing 0.1 wt % Au or Pt nanoparticles, for the generation of pre‐endothelialized surfaces of medical devices. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 1909–1920, 2014.