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Hematotoxicological analysis of surface‐modified and ‐unmodified chitosan nanoparticles
Author(s) -
Nadesh Ragima,
Narayanan Dhanya,
P.R. Sreerekha,
Vadakumpully Sajini,
Mony Ullas,
Koyakkutty Manzoor,
Nair Shantikumar V.,
Me Deepthy
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.34591
Subject(s) - chitosan , lactic acid , materials science , polyvinyl alcohol , acetic acid , nanoparticle , hemolysis , polyethylene glycol , clotting time , nanocarriers , coagulation , nuclear chemistry , chemistry , nanotechnology , biochemistry , medicine , genetics , psychiatry , bacteria , immunology , composite material , biology
The increasing interest in using chitosan nanoparticles for controlled drug delivery is hampered by its blood incompatibility, especially for intravenous applications. This study investigated the effects of processing solvents (acetic acid/lactic acid), dispersing media (acidic medium/saline), and surface modifiers (polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, and ethylenediaminetetraacetatic acid) on the hemocompatibility of chitosan. Blood compatibility of chitosan nanoparticles prepared by ionotropic gelation with altered surface chemistry was evaluated by assessing their hemolytic activity, platelet aggregation, coagulation, and cytokine induction. It was observed that nanoparticles prepared in lactic acid and dispersed in saline did not show hemolysis, platelet aggregation, or coagulation, whereas nanoparticles prepared in acetic acid showed strong hemolysis. Surface modifiers were not observed to significantly affect blood compatibility, with the exception of EDTA, which delayed blood clotting times. Thus, chitosan nanoparticles prepared in lactic acid and dispersed in saline may be an ideal nanocarrier for parenteral applications. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 101A:2957–2966, 2013.