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Induced chronic hypoxia negates the pro‐angiogenic effect of surface immobilized heparin in a polyurethane porous scaffold
Author(s) -
Schmidt Christian,
Bezuidenhout Deon,
Higham Lawrence,
Zilla Peter,
Davies Neil H.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.33150
Subject(s) - scaffold , polyurethane , materials science , biomedical engineering , vascularity , angiogenesis , vascular endothelial growth factor , hypoxia (environmental) , biophysics , heparin , chemistry , medicine , surgery , biology , vegf receptors , oxygen , composite material , organic chemistry
Abstract Porous scaffolds are frequently utilized in tissue regeneration. We have developed a polyurethane (PU) scaffold with a freely interconnecting porosity that can be modified with a covalently linked heparinized surface. The ability of this surface functionality to stimulate vessel and cellular growth into the PU scaffold has been evaluated by subcutaneous implantation of discs in the rat under normoxia and chronic hypoxia (hypobaric chamber) for 10 days. The heparinized surface alone was able to significantly increase vascularization and cellularization under normoxia ( p < 0.05), but this response was negated by hypoxia. Addition of vascular endothelial growth factor to heparinized discs resulted in increased vascularity and cellularization under both conditions ( p < 0.05). This suggests that endogenous growth factor production was limiting under chronic hypoxia but that an angiogenic response could still occur with exogenous delivery of factors. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2011.