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Profile of toll‐like receptor–positive cells in septic and aseptic loosening of total hip arthroplasty implants
Author(s) -
Pajarinen Jukka,
Cenni Elisabetta,
Savarino Lucia,
GomezBarrena Enrique,
Tamaki Yasunobu,
Takagi Michiaki,
Salo Jari,
Konttinen Yrjö T.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.32674
Subject(s) - monocyte , immune system , macrophage , medicine , immunology , pathology , biology , in vitro , biochemistry
Distinction between the two major complications of total hip replacement surgery, septic bacterial culture‐positive and aseptic bacterial culture‐negative osteolysis and loosening, is difficult due to the eventual role of bacterial remnants and biofilms, which are recognized by cells provided by toll‐like receptors (TLRs) of the innate immune system. It was hypothesized that cell typing and TLR mapping might provide new information on the pathomechanisms of loosening. To test this hypothesis, septic ( n = 10) and aseptic ( n = 5) interface tissue as well as mildly inflamed osteoarthritic synovial membrane ( n = 5) samples were characterized and compared using antibodies against several cell line‐specific markers, including fibroblast, monocyte/macrophage, T cell, B cell, plasma cell and neutrophil markers, and TLRs. In osteoarthritic synovium, TLR‐positive cells were restricted to surface tissues and only few inflammatory cells were detected, whereas aseptic interface was heavily infiltrated with monocyte/macrophages, which were also the major TLR‐positive cell type rendering the tissue reactive to TLR ligands. Interestingly, septic cases contained also neutrophil and lymphocyte infiltrates of which especially B‐cell infiltrates might be clinically useful in discriminating the two major complications of the joint replacement surgery. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010