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Immobilization of NaIO 4 ‐treated heparin on PEG‐modified 316L SS surface for high anti‐thrombin‐III binding
Author(s) -
Chuang TzuWen,
Lin DongTsamn,
Lin FengHuei
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.31662
Subject(s) - materials science , hexamethylene diisocyanate , heparin , carbodiimide , thrombin time , ethylene glycol , nuclear chemistry , polymer chemistry , surface modification , hirudin , peg ratio , partial thromboplastin time , organic chemistry , polyurethane , thrombin , chemical engineering , chemistry , platelet , biochemistry , composite material , finance , economics , immunology , engineering , biology
Poor compatibility between blood and metallic coronary artery stents is one reason for arterial restenosis; however, the immobilization of anticoagulant agents on the surface of the stent is a feasible method of improving stent compatibility. Heparin, a well‐known anticoagulant, has been frequently used to coat the surfaces of certain biomaterials to attain blood compatibility. The compound 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethyl‐aminopropyl) carbodiimide has often been utilized for the immobilization of heparin, but the critical carboxyl groups of heparin (with regards to heparin's anticoagulant activity) will be reduced by this method. This study examined possible methods of heparin immobilization without consuming these carboxyl groups. The 316L stainless steel surface was first activated with hexamethylene diisocyanate and then coupled with bis‐amine‐terminated poly (ethylene glycol) (BA‐PEG) so as to create active amine groups. Sodium periodate (NaIO 4 ; SP) was then used to oxidize heparin to form aldehyde groups. The treated heparin could then be grafted onto the activated surface of the test material without losing its carboxyl groups. Effective surface modification of the hexamethylene diisocyanate‐activated and BA‐PEG‐grafted 316L SS surface was confirmed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis and a water contact angle test. After the heparin was immobilized on the BA‐PEG‐grafted 316L SS surface by SP, the surface showed an improvement in antithrombrin III (AT III) binding ability, its anticoagulant property, and hemocompatibility in comparison with heparin grafted by 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethyl‐aminopropyl) carbodiimide. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008