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Immunogenicity of bioactive magnetic nanoparticles: Natural and acquired antibodies
Author(s) -
Ziv Ofra,
Avtalion Ramy R.,
Margel Shlomo
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.31518
Subject(s) - gelatin , immunogen , immunogenicity , dextran , materials science , adjuvant , antibody , antigen , human serum albumin , chemistry , biochemistry , monoclonal antibody , biology , immunology
Uniform magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) were prepared by nucleation followed by controlled growth of maghemite thin films onto porcine gelatin nuclei. The formed gelatin containing MNP (Gel‐MNP) were then coated with dextran (Gel‐MNP‐Dex) followed by human serum albumin (Gel‐MNP‐Dex‐HSA). Since these MNP are designated for clinical applications, studies concerning the immunogenicity of their antigenic components (porcine gelatin, dextran, and HSA) have been performed in BALB‐C mice. These studies demonstrated that plasma of nonimmunized mice already contains basal levels of natural antibodies against all of these antigenic components. This work also demonstrated that the conjugated gelatin is a weak immunogen: Intraperitoneal injection of the various MNP (Gel‐MNP, Gel‐MNP‐Dex dispersed in PBS emulsified with Incomplete Freund's Adjuvant (IFA) mineral oil and Gel‐MNP‐Dex‐HSA dispersed in PBS) did not increase significantly the acquired anti‐gelatin antibody titers. Exceptional behavior was observed following immunization with Gel‐MNP‐Dex‐HSA dispersed in PBS emulsified with IFA, which exhibited an adjuvant effect and turned gelatin into a stronger immunogen. In contrast to gelatin, the conjugated HSA and dextran were found to be strong immunogens. The possibility that the various MNP will not induce an autoimmune response as a result of their clinical use is discussed in the contest of the protective role of the natural antibodies. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2008