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Development of a new calcium sulphate‐based composite using alginate and chemically modified chitosan for bone regeneration
Author(s) -
Gomez d'Ayala Giovanna,
De Rosa Alfredo,
Laurienzo Paola,
Malinconico Mario
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.31009
Subject(s) - chitosan , materials science , succinic anhydride , composite number , thermogravimetric analysis , calcium alginate , polymer , chemical engineering , calcium , simulated body fluid , nuclear chemistry , composite material , polymer chemistry , scanning electron microscope , chemistry , engineering , metallurgy
Abstract In this work we developed a novel calcium sulphate‐based composite in which the hemihydrate calcium sulphate (CHS) can be encapsulated in a polymeric biodegradable and biocompatible matrix, in order to retain the structural integrity and decrease the bioresorption rate in bone regeneration applications. Two polymers were employed to realize this system: chitosan (Ch) and sodium alginate (Alg), both already widely used in biotechnological and biomedical applications. Chitosan was modified in order to obtain a water soluble polymer, the N ‐succinylchitosan (sCh). The reaction was performed with succinic anhydride in presence of pyridine and confirmed by FT‐IR and NMR analyses. Finely ground Alg and sCh powders were mixed in different compositions with CHS and by adding water to the powder mixture it was obtained a mouldable paste that sets in few hours. Thermogravimetric analyses coupled with solvent extraction performed on the composite proved the alginate crosslinking in the presence of CHS. Mechanical studies carried out on composites of different compositions demonstrated that the blend of the two polymeric components causes a substantial synergistic reinforcement of composites. The presence of carboxylic groups on sCh chain in addition to those of alginate could enhance the chelating power of polysaccharide mixture. The results obtained with morphological analyses (SEM) further confirmed the hypotesis of the synergistic effect between alginate and N ‐succinylchitosan in presence of calcium sulphate. In vitro cytotoxicity tests proved that the developed system was not cytotoxic. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007