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Hydroxyapatite growth on anodic TiO 2 nanotubes
Author(s) -
Tsuchiya Hiroaki,
Macak Jan M.,
Müller Lenka,
Kunze Julia,
Müller Frank,
Greil Peter,
Virtanen Sannakaisa,
Schmuki Patrik
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.30677
Subject(s) - materials science , anodizing , anatase , nanotube , apatite , rutile , amorphous solid , titanium , chemical engineering , electrochemistry , nanotechnology , composite material , metallurgy , carbon nanotube , electrode , photocatalysis , crystallography , aluminium , biochemistry , chemistry , engineering , catalysis
In the present work, we study the growth of hydroxyapatite formation on different TiO 2 nanotube layers. The nanotube layers were fabricated by electrochemical anodization of titanium in fluoride‐containing electrolytes. To study various nanotube lengths, layers with an individual tube diameter of 100 nm were grown to a thickness of approximately 2 μm or 500 nm. The ability to form apatite on the nanotube layers was examined by immersion tests combined with SEM, XRD and FT‐IR investigations. For reference, experiments were also carried out on compact anodic TiO 2 layers. The results clearly show that the presence of the nanotubes on a titanium surface enhances the apatite formation and that the 2‐μm thick nanotube layer triggers deposition faster than the thinner layers. Tubes annealed to anatase, or a mixture of anatase and rutile are clearly more efficient in promoting apatite formation than the tubes in their “as‐formed” amorphous state. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006