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Intact surface of bioactive glass S53P4 is resistant to osteoclastic activity
Author(s) -
Wilson Timothy,
Parikka Vilhelmiina,
Holmbom Johanna,
Ylänen Heimo,
Penttinen Risto
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.30600
Subject(s) - bioactive glass , materials science , alkaline phosphatase , acid phosphatase , tartrate resistant acid phosphatase , scanning electron microscope , multinucleate , cytoplasm , biophysics , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , biochemistry , biology , composite material , enzyme
Bioactive glass reacts with body fluids and is gradually dissolved in tissues and in cell cultures. We investigated whether osteoclasts contribute to this process, by culturing newborn rat bone‐marrow cells containing osteoclasts on polished bioactive glass plates (glass S53P4). The cultures were inspected at days 1–5 and stained for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) to demonstrate osteoblasts and for tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) to visualize osteoclasts. Nonosteoclastic cells proliferated several‐fold both on bioactive glass and on plastic, whereas osteoclasts and their precursors matured into multicellular giant cells and degenerated. Most cells on bioactive glass became ALP‐positive, whereas on plastic the majority of cells remained ALP‐negative. Osteoclasts survived on bioactive glass for 4–5 days, whereas on plastic they degenerated and disappeared after 3 days. Condensed nuclei indicating apoptosis were detected both in degenerating osteoclasts and osteoblasts. The surface of the bioactive glass reacted rapidly forming rounded pits, erosions, and cracks within 24 h in areas occupied by osteoblasts. Light microscopy and scanning electron micrographs demonstrated, however, a smooth surface below the cytoplasm of osteoclasts. This indicates that when applied on an intact bioactive glass surface, osteoclasts were unable to dissolve the glass material within this culture period. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006