Premium
Changes in mechanical properties and cellularity during long‐term culture of collagen fiber ACL reconstruction scaffolds
Author(s) -
Caruso Andrea B.,
Dunn Michael G.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
journal of biomedical materials research part a
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.849
H-Index - 150
eISSN - 1552-4965
pISSN - 1549-3296
DOI - 10.1002/jbm.a.30233
Subject(s) - materials science , fibroblast , carbodiimide , anterior cruciate ligament , biomedical engineering , matrix (chemical analysis) , fiber , in vitro , composite material , polymer chemistry , chemistry , surgery , biochemistry , medicine
Resorbable scaffolds for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction should provide temporary mechanical function then gradually breakdown while promoting matrix synthesis by local cells. Crosslinking influences collagen's mechanical properties, degradation rate, and interactions with cells. Our objective was to compare the effects of different crosslinkers on cellularity and mechanical properties during long‐term (8 week) culture of collagen fiber scaffolds. Fibers were fabricated from an acid‐insoluble dispersion of bovine dermal collagen and crosslinked with either ultraviolet irradiation (UV; a physical crosslinker) or 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC; a chemical crosslinker). Scaffolds consisted of 50 fibers bundled in parallel. Initial attachment of fibroblasts was similar on both scaffolds; however, from 1 to 8 weeks in culture, UV‐crosslinked scaffolds had significantly more cells attached than EDC‐crosslinked scaffolds. The initial breaking load (3.50 N) and stiffness (2.23 N/mm) of EDC‐crosslinked scaffolds were significantly greater than those of UV‐crosslinked scaffolds (2.32 N; 1.21 N/mm) and were unaffected by long‐term fibroblast culture. In contrast, the load‐bearing capacity of fibroblast‐seeded UV‐crosslinked scaffolds decreased 60% to 0.91 N after 8 weeks in culture. EDC‐crosslinked scaffolds maintained strength and moderate cellularity; UV‐crosslinked scaffolds, in contrast, were highly cellular, but had poor mechanical properties that decreased during culture. These in vitro results suggest that collagen fiber scaffolds crosslinked with EDC may be more suitable for ACL reconstruction than those crosslinked with UV. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2005