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Photoacoustic imaging of in vivo hemodynamic responses to sodium nitroprusside
Author(s) -
Zhang Dong,
Li Ran,
Chen Maomao,
Vu Tri,
Sheng Huaxin,
Yang Wei,
Hoffmann Ulrike,
Luo Jianwen,
Yao Junjie
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of biophotonics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.877
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1864-0648
pISSN - 1864-063X
DOI - 10.1002/jbio.202000478
Subject(s) - sodium nitroprusside , oxygenation , hemodynamics , in vivo , vasodilation , venous blood , medicine , arterial blood , anesthesia , blood flow , blood pressure , cardiology , nitric oxide , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
Abstract The in vivo hemodynamic impact of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a widely used antihypertensive agent, has not been well studied. Here, we applied functional optical‐resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR‐PAM) to study the hemodynamic responses to SNP in mice in vivo. As expected, after the application of SNP, the systemic blood pressure (BP) was reduced by 53%. The OR‐PAM results show that SNP induced an arterial vasodilation of 24% and 23% in the brain and skin, respectively. A weaker venous vasodilation of 9% and 5% was also observed in the brain and skin, respectively. The results show two different types of blood oxygenation response. In mice with decreased blood oxygenation, the arterial and venous oxygenation was respectively reduced by 6% and 13% in the brain, as well as by 7% and 18% in the skin. In mice with increased blood oxygenation, arterial and venous oxygenation was raised by 4% and 22% in the brain, as well as by 1% and 9% in the skin. We observed venous change clearly lagged the arterial change in the skin, but not in the brain. Our results collectively show a correlation among SNP induced changes in systemic BP, vessel size and blood oxygenation.