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Signal generation and Raman‐resonant imaging by non‐degenerate four‐wave mixing under tight focusing conditions
Author(s) -
Weeks Tyler,
Schie Iwan W.,
WachsmannHogiu Sebastian,
Huser Thomas
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of biophotonics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.877
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1864-0648
pISSN - 1864-063X
DOI - 10.1002/jbio.200900068
Subject(s) - raman spectroscopy , raman scattering , degenerate energy levels , four wave mixing , signal (programming language) , optics , mixing (physics) , microscopy , laser , coherent anti stokes raman spectroscopy , resonance (particle physics) , physics , wavelength , nonlinear system , nonlinear optics , materials science , optoelectronics , atomic physics , computer science , quantum mechanics , programming language
The authors demonstrate Raman‐resonant imaging based on the simultaneous generation of several nonlinear frequency mixing processes resulting from a 3‐color coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) experiment. The interaction of three coincident short‐pulsed laser beams simultaneously generates both 2‐color (degenerate) CARS and 3‐color (non‐degenerate) CARS signals, which are collected and characterized spectroscopically – allowing for resonant, doubly‐resonant, and non‐resonant contrast mechanisms. Images obtained from both 2‐color and 3‐color CARS signals are compared and found to provide complementary information. The 3‐color CARS microscopy scheme provides a versatile multiplexed modality for biological imaging, which may extend the capabilities of label‐free non‐linear microscopy, e.g. by probing multiple Raman resonances. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)