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In vitro and in vivo imaging of xenobiotic transport in human skin and in the rat liver
Author(s) -
Roberts Michael S.,
Roberts Matthew J.,
Robertson Thomas A.,
Sanchez Washington,
Thörling Camilla,
Zou Yuhong,
Zhao Xin,
Becker Wolfgang,
Zvyagin Andrei V.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of biophotonics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.877
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1864-0648
pISSN - 1864-063X
DOI - 10.1002/jbio.200810058
Subject(s) - in vivo , zinc , fluorescein , preclinical imaging , biophysics , materials science , human skin , in vitro , fluorescence , chemistry , fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy , biomedical engineering , optics , biochemistry , biology , medicine , metallurgy , physics , microbiology and biotechnology , genetics
Multiphoton tomography was used to examine xenobiotic transport in vivo . We used the photochemical properties of zinc oxide and fluorescein and multiphoton tomography to study their transport in the skin and in the rat liver in vivo . Zinc oxide nanoparticles were visualised in human skin using the photoluminescence properties of zinc oxide and either a selective emission wavelength band pass filter or a filter with fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM). Zinc oxide nanoparticles (30 nm) did not penetrate into human skin in vitro and in vivo and this was validated by scanning electron microscopy with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Fluorescein was measured in the liver using FLIM. Fluorescein is rapidly extracted from the blood into the liver cells and then transported into the bile. It is suggested that multiphoton tomography may be of particular use in defining in vivo 4D (in both space and time) pharmacokinetics. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)