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Pulmonary toxicity of wollastonite in vivo and in vitro
Author(s) -
Tátrai E.,
Kováčiková Z.,
Brózik M.,
Six É.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of applied toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.784
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1099-1263
pISSN - 0260-437X
DOI - 10.1002/jat.965
Subject(s) - chemistry , superoxide dismutase , in vivo , wollastonite , glutathione peroxidase , toxicity , biochemistry , pharmacology , oxidative stress , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , organic chemistry , raw material
Pulmonary toxicity of wollastonite has been studied in both in vivo long‐term sequential and in vitro methods in Sprague‐Dawley rats. Wollastonite was administered by intratracheal instillation and the lungs were examined after 1, 3 and 6 months by morphological methods. UICC crocidolite was applied as the positive control. In addition, the effects of both bres were examined in primary cultures of pulmonary alveolar macrophages and type II pneumocytes to determine the effects of the bres on the membranes of these cells, the activity of Cu,Zn/superoxide dismutase and the redox system and the release of proinammatory peptides: macrophage chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) and macrophage inhibitory protein‐1 α (MIP‐1 α ). By the end of six months wollastonite had induced mild pulmonary interstitial brosis, whereas crocidolite induced progressive interstitial brosis as a function of time. The membranes of macrophages and pneumocytes were disrupted at the lowest concentration of crocidolite. The activity of enzymes of the redox system and cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase signicantly decreased with crocidolite. Wollastonite decreased only the activity of gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase and glutathione peroxidase. Crocidolite induced expression of the proinammatory peptides at the lowest concentration (1 µg ml −1 ) but wollastonite increased production of these peptides only at medium and high concentrations (5 and 10 µg ml −1 ). These results underline the importance of further human epidemiological studies and the need for the determination of a hygienic standard. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.