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Inhalation exposure to jp‐8 jet fuel alters pulmonary function and substance p levels in fischer 344 rats
Author(s) -
Pfaff John,
Parton Kathleen,
Clark Lantz R.,
Chen Huizhong,
Hays Allison M.,
Witten Mark L.
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
journal of applied toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.784
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1099-1263
pISSN - 0260-437X
DOI - 10.1002/jat.2550150404
Subject(s) - inhalation , bronchoalveolar lavage , inhalation exposure , lung , pulmonary function testing , pulmonary compliance , medicine , pulmonary toxicity , chemistry , anesthesia
In a simulated military flightline exposure protocol, Fischer 344 rats (F344) were used to investigate the pulmonary effects of JP‐8 jet fuel inhalation. Exposures were nose only and for 1 h daily. Groups were exposed for 7 days (7D) or 28 days (28D). Each exposure group had a matched longitudinal control group (LC7 and LC28). Exposure concentrations of 520 mg m −3 caused an increase in dynamic compliance after 7 days of exposure, but compliance changes were not seen with continued exposure (28D, 495 mg m −3 ). Pulmonary resistance was increased in both 7‐ and 28‐day JP‐8‐exposed groups. Changes in pulmonary function were accompanied by a decrease in substance P concentrations from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). No significant change was observed in BALF levels of 6‐keto‐PGF 1α , the stable metabolite of prostacyclin, which is a marker of endothelial cell function. The JP‐8‐exposed rats gained significantly less weight during the study period than the LC7 and LC28 groups, and the lungs of the 7D group were heavier by wet lung/body weight ratio ( Wt L / Wt B ). Alveolar clearance of technetium‐labelled diethylenetriamine pentaacetate ([ 99m Tc]DTPA) was increased in jet fuel‐exposed groups. Light microscopy showed no pathological evidence of lung injury. Recovery from the early pulmonary effects of JP‐8 inhalation occurred with continued exposure, as seen by recovery of pulmonary compliance and Wt L/ Wt B .