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Studies on the toxic effects of microcystin‐LR on the zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) under different temperatures
Author(s) -
Zhang Xuezhen,
Ji Wei,
Zhang Huan,
Zhang Wei,
Xie Ping
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of applied toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.784
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1099-1263
pISSN - 0260-437X
DOI - 10.1002/jat.1597
Subject(s) - danio , zebrafish , microcystin lr , poikilotherm , biology , toxicity , glutathione , fish <actinopterygii> , toxicology , in vivo , chemistry , biochemistry , ecology , gene , genetics , enzyme , fishery , cyanobacteria , organic chemistry , bacteria
It is well known that fish have stronger tolerance than mammals to microcystin (MC) exposure, and such a difference is attributed to their different core body temperatures. However, no in vivo study has been conducted to investigate the effects of temperature on MC‐induced toxicity in fish, a typical poikilotherm. Tolerance and detoxification response of zebrafish treated with MC‐LR were investigated under three temperatures. The LD 50 values evidently increased with a decline of the temperature (547, 260 and 176 µg kg −1 at 12, 22 and 32 °C, respectively), indicating stronger tolerance of the fish at lower temperatures. Changes in the transcription of glutathione S ‐transferase (GST) isoforms in the fish were observed, and their sensitivity of response in the transcription of GST mRNA was on the order of 12 > 32 > 22°C. We screened out several GST genes which were more delicate to solve the MC‐LR exposure at different temperatures, i.e. GST rho1, al, p1 and theta1 in the 12 °C group, and GST zeta1 and p2 in the 22 and 32 °C groups. Our findings partly validate the hypothesis that high temperature enhances toxic effects of MCs on poikilotherms. Our studies also indicate that temperature‐dependent toxic effects should be taken into account for field toxic assessment of microcystins in fish. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.