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Comparison of two extraction procedures for determination of drugs of abuse in human saliva by high‐performance liquid chromatography
Author(s) -
Fernández P.,
Morales L.,
Vázquez C.,
Lago M.,
Bermejo A. M.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of applied toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.784
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1099-1263
pISSN - 0260-437X
DOI - 10.1002/jat.1365
Subject(s) - chromatography , benzoylecgonine , high performance liquid chromatography , saliva , chemistry , extraction (chemistry) , driving under the influence , detection limit , liquid–liquid extraction , solid phase extraction , poison control , urine , medicine , biochemistry , environmental health , suicide prevention
High performance liquid chromatography in combination with diode array detection (HPLC‐DAD) was used to determine morphine, 6‐acetylmorphine, cocaine, benzoylecgonine, cocaethylene, methadone and 2‐ethylene‐1,5‐dimethyl‐3,3,‐diphenylpyrrolidine in human saliva. For comparison, samples were prepared by either liquid–liquid extraction in Toxitubes A ® or microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE), by mixing 1 ml of saliva with 10 ml of chloroform and operating at 100 ˚C for 10 min. Acetonitrile and 0.02 m phosphate buffer at pH 6.5 were used as mobile phase in HPLC in gradient mode. The detector response was linear over the drug concentration range of 0.05–2.0 µg ml −1 in human saliva. The analytical method was validated by determining its precision and accuracy ( n = 5), which were lower than 5% as relative standard deviation and 6% as relative error. Limits of detection ranged from 10 to 35 ng ml −1 ; mean recoveries of drugs were from 53 to 95% with Toxitubes A and from 83 to 100% with MAE at two different concentrations (0.1 and 1.0 µg ml −1 ). The proposed method was applied to 24 saliva samples from individuals poisoned with opiates and/or cocaine. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.