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An evaluation of differential reinforcement with stimulus fading as an intervention for medical compliance
Author(s) -
Stuesser Hailee A.,
Roscoe Eileen M.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of applied behavior analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1938-3703
pISSN - 0021-8855
DOI - 10.1002/jaba.685
Subject(s) - reinforcement , differential reinforcement , psychology , autism spectrum disorder , extinction (optical mineralogy) , stimulus control , audiology , fading , stimulus (psychology) , autism , clinical psychology , developmental psychology , medicine , cognitive psychology , psychiatry , social psychology , computer science , telecommunications , paleontology , nicotine , biology , decoding methods
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit noncompliance during medical exams. One intervention used to address this concern is differential reinforcement. Although differential reinforcement includes extinction, it may not be feasible or safe to implement extinction during medical exams. In the current study, we evaluated differential reinforcement without extinction and differential reinforcement without extinction plus stimulus fading, for increasing compliance during routine medical exams exhibited by 4 individuals with ASD. An indirect assessment identified problematic medical procedures, and a functional analysis showed that participants' disruptive behavior was maintained by escape from medical tasks. Differential reinforcement without extinction was insufficient in increasing medical compliance with 3 of 4 participants. The addition of a modified stimulus fading procedure that involved gradually introducing smaller components of problematic exam steps was effective in increasing medical compliance with all exam steps.