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QUANTIFYING CONTINGENT RELATIONS FROM DIRECT OBSERVATION DATA: TRANSITIONAL PROBABILITY COMPARISONS VERSUS YULE'S Q
Author(s) -
Lloyd Blair P.,
Kennedy Craig H.,
Yoder Paul J.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of applied behavior analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1938-3703
pISSN - 0021-8855
DOI - 10.1002/jaba.45
Subject(s) - statistic , psychology , contingency table , contingency , stimulus (psychology) , statistics , developmental psychology , cognitive psychology , mathematics , linguistics , philosophy
Measuring contingencies or sequential associations may be applied to a broad range of response–stimulus, stimulus–stimulus, or response–response relations. Within behavior analysis, response–stimulus contingencies have been quantified by comparing 2 transitional probabilities and plotting them in contingency space. Within and outside behavior analysis, Yule's Q has become a recommended statistic used to quantify sequential associations between 2 events. In the current paper, we identify 2 methods of transitional probability comparisons used in the behavior‐analytic literature to estimate contingencies in natural settings. We compare each of these methods to the more established Yule's Q statistic and evaluate relations between each pair of indices. Advantages and disadvantages of each method are identified, with recommendations as to which approach may be most appropriate for measuring contingencies.