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Effects of and preference for conditions of token earn versus token loss
Author(s) -
Donaldson Jeanne M.,
DeLeon Iser G.,
Fisher Alyssa B.,
Kahng SungWoo
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of applied behavior analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.1
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1938-3703
pISSN - 0021-8855
DOI - 10.1002/jaba.135
Subject(s) - token economy , psychology , contingency , loss aversion , contingency management , preference , consistency (knowledge bases) , security token , reinforcement , social psychology , developmental psychology , endowment , endowment effect , microeconomics , economics , intervention (counseling) , psychiatry , computer science , linguistics , philosophy , computer security , epistemology , artificial intelligence
The effects of earning and losing tokens on the disruptive behavior of 12 first‐grade students were evaluated under symmetrical contingencies of earn and loss. Both contingencies produced decreases in disruptive behavior. For some participants, more consistent decreases were observed during the loss contingency. In addition, participants generally earned or kept more tokens during the loss contingency. When offered a choice of contingencies, most participants preferred the loss contingency. The results showed some consistency with behavioral economic principles of loss aversion and the endowment effect.