Open AccessTOWARD A DEFINITION OF VERBAL REASONING IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Author(s) -
Burton Nancy W.,
Welsh Cynthia,
Kostin Irene,
Essen Thomas
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
ets research report series
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.235
H-Index - 5
ISSN - 2330-8516
DOI - 10.1002/j.2333-8504.2009.tb02190.x
Subject(s) - verbal reasoning , metacognition , psychology , cognition , reading comprehension , comprehension , selection (genetic algorithm) , educational psychology , cognitive psychology , abstract reasoning , ideal (ethics) , reading (process) , mathematics education , cognitive science , linguistics , computer science , artificial intelligence , epistemology , philosophy , neuroscience
This paper briefly summarizes the literatures of reading and reasoning in the last quarter century, focusing mainly on the disciplines of cognitive science, cognitive developmental psychology, linguistics, and educational psychology. These literatures were synthesized to create a framework for defining verbal reasoning in higher education. Eight general cognitive and metacognitive operations were identified (including, for example, evaluating discourse, seeking and solving problems, and monitoring one's comprehension). Several dimensions underlying these operations on which individual skills may vary were identified (such as breadth of understanding, precision of understanding, or familiarity and facility). Finally, these ideal descriptions of verbal reasoning are applied to the assessment of verbal reasoning for selection in higher education. Problems in measurement and unanticipated consequences of measurement are discussed.